Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-13 (of 13 Records) |
Query Trace: Iyengar P[original query] |
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Delivery of yoga properties across in-person and remote formats in a weight loss maintenance intervention
Sherman SallyA , Quinn Tyler , Braun Tosca , Unick JessicaL . Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022 54 216-216 C-26 HEALTH PROMOTION/INTERVENTIONS: ADULTS | Delivery Of Yoga Properties Across In-person And Remote Formats In A Weight Loss Maintenance Intervention | 887 | Sherman, Sally A.1; Quinn, Tyler2; Braun, Tosca3; Unick, Jessica L.3 | Author Information | Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 54(9S):p 216, September 2022. | DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000877712.53224.7f | FREE | | Metrics | We previously reported that yoga can be feasibly implemented with high acceptability following behavioral weight loss treatment, however, it is unknown whether participant perceptions of yoga class properties differ when delivered in-person vs. remotely. | | PURPOSE: To compare participant perceived delivery of essential yoga properties across in-person and remote formats in a weight loss maintenance intervention. | | METHODS: 24 women with overweight or obesity (34.6 4.1 kg/m2, 48.2 9.9 years) received a 12-week Iyengar yoga intervention (2x/week) following a 3-month behavioral weight loss program. Of 23 participants who completed follow-up questionnaires, 12 received the planned in-person intervention and 11 received a remote intervention (delivered live) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Essential Properties of Yoga Questionnaire (EPYQ), a psychometric tool validated for use by trained raters, was administered online to participants (a non-validated use) to measure their perceptions of the relative emphasis placed on the essential components of the yoga intervention via 14 subscales. | | RESULTS: 13 of the 14 EPYQ subscales were not significantly different between in-person versus remote groups: acceptance/compassion (4.1 0.6 vs. 3.6 1.2), breathwork (4.7 0.6 vs. 4.5 0.4), physicality (3.5 0.6 vs. 3.3 0.9), active postures (4.1 0.7 vs. 3.9 0.9), restorative postures (4.1 0.8 vs. 3.9 0.9), body locks (3.6 0.6 vs. 3.0 1.0), body awareness (4.3 0.8 vs. 4.3 0.5), mental/emotional awareness (3.8 0.8 vs. 3.9 0.7), health benefits (4.2 0.6 vs. 3.5 1.2), social aspects (2.3 0.7 vs. 2.5 0.7), spirituality (2.3 0.6 vs. 2.0 0.8), meditation/mindfulness (3.7 0.1 vs. 3.5 0.9), and yoga philosophy (2.3 0.1 vs. 2.2 1.4) (p > 0.05 for all). Scores from the individual attention subscale were higher for in-person compared to remote delivery (3.3 0.8 vs. 2.3 0.6, p = 0.003). | | CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide preliminary support for the use of live remote delivery of yoga, effectively communicating most essential yoga properties when compared to in-person classes. However, participants perceived more individual attention with in-person vs. remote delivery; thus, future remote-based yoga interventions may benefit from providing additional individualized feedback. | | Copyright 2022 by the American College of Sports Medicine | Related Articles | Yoga Participation And Weight Loss Within A Behavioral Intervention | Yoga Participation And Weight Loss Within A Behavioral Intervention | July 2020 | A Feasibility Trial To Determine The Effect Of A Mindfulness Intervention On Weight-loss Maintenance | A Feasibility Trial To Determine The Effect Of A Mindfulness Intervention On Weight-loss Maintenance | September 2022 | Cesarean Section Delivery Does Not Impact Postpartum Weight Loss And Recovery | Cesarean Section Delivery Does Not Impact Postpartum Weight Loss And Recovery | September 2022 | Anthropometric Changes In Female Collegiate Athletes Apparent Within Four Weeks Of A Yoga Intervention | Anthropometric Changes In Female Collegiate Athletes Apparent Within Four Weeks Of A Yoga Intervention | August 2021 | Developing A Culturally-tailored Yoga-based Intervention For African American Women: Findings From Focus Groups | Developing A Culturally-tailored Yoga-based Intervention For African American Women: Findings From Focus Groups | September 2022 | Effective Weight Loss and Maintenance by Intensive Start with Diet and Exercise | Effective Weight Loss and Maintenance by Intensive Start with Diet and Exercise |
Notes from the Field: Transmission of Pan-Resistant and Echinocandin-Resistant Candida auris in Health Care Facilities - Texas and the District of Columbia, January-April 2021
Lyman M , Forsberg K , Reuben J , Dang T , Free R , Seagle EE , Sexton DJ , Soda E , Jones H , Hawkins D , Anderson A , Bassett J , Lockhart SR , Merengwa E , Iyengar P , Jackson BR , Chiller T . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021 70 (29) 1022-1023 Candida auris is an emerging, often multidrug-resistant yeast that is highly transmissible, resulting in health care–associated outbreaks, especially in long-term care facilities. Skin colonization with C. auris allows spread and leads to invasive infections, including bloodstream infections, in 5%–10% of colonized patients (1). Three major classes of antifungal medications exist for treating invasive infections: azoles (e.g., fluconazole), polyenes (e.g., amphotericin B), and echinocandins. Approximately 85% of C. auris isolates in the United States are resistant to azoles, 33% to amphotericin B, and 1% to echinocandins (2), based on tentative susceptibility breakpoints.* Echinocandins are thus critical for treatment of C. auris infections and are recommended as first-line therapy for most invasive Candida infections (3). Echinocandin resistance is a concerning clinical and public health threat, particularly when coupled with resistance to azole and amphotericin B (pan-resistance). |
Characteristics of COVID-19 Cases and Outbreaks at Child Care Facilities - District of Columbia, July-December 2020.
Kim C , McGee S , Khuntia S , Elnour A , Johnson-Clarke F , Mangla A , Iyengar P , Nesbitt L . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021 70 (20) 744-748 The occurrence of cases of COVID-19 reported by child care facilities among children, teachers, and staff members is correlated with the level of community spread (1,2). To describe characteristics of COVID-19 cases at child care facilities and facility adherence to guidance and recommendations, the District of Columbia (DC) Department of Health (DC Health) and CDC reviewed COVID-19 case reports associated with child care facilities submitted to DC Health and publicly available data from the DC Office of the State Superintendent of Education (OSSE) during July 1-December 31, 2020. Among 469 licensed child care facilities, 112 (23.9%) submitted 269 reports documenting 316 laboratory-confirmed cases and three additional cases identified through DC Health's contact tracers. Outbreaks associated with child care facilities,(†) defined as two or more laboratory-confirmed and epidemiologically linked cases at a facility within a 14-day period (3), occurred in 27 (5.8%) facilities and accounted for nearly one half (156; 48.9%) of total cases. Among the 319 total cases, 180 (56.4%) were among teachers or staff members. The majority (56.4%) of facilities reported cases to DC Health on the same day that they were notified of a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by staff members or parents.(§) Facilities were at increased risk for an outbreak if they had been operating for <3 years, if symptomatic persons sought testing ≥3 days after symptom onset, or if persons with asymptomatic COVID-19 were at the facility. The number of outbreaks associated with child care facilities was limited. Continued implementation and maintenance of multiple prevention strategies, including vaccination, masking, physical distancing, cohorting, screening, and reporting, are important to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in child care facilities and to facilitate a timely public health response to prevent outbreaks.(¶). |
Racial/ethnic disparities in prostate cancer incidence, distant stage diagnosis, and mortality by U.S. census region and age-group, 2012-2015
Iyengar S , Hall IJ , Sabatino SA . Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020 29 (7) 1357-1364 BACKGROUND: We sought to characterize recent prostate cancer incidence, distant stage diagnosis, and mortality rates by region, race/ethnicity, and age-group. METHODS: In SEER*Stat, we examined age-specific and age-adjusted prostate cancer incidence, distant stage diagnosis, and mortality rates by race/ethnicity, Census region, and age group. Incidence and mortality analyses included men diagnosed with (n=723,269) and dying of (n=112,116) prostate cancer between 2012-2015. RESULTS: Non-Hispanic black (NHB) and NH Asian/Pacific Islander (NHAPI) men had the highest and lowest rates, respectively, for each indicator across regions and age-groups. Hispanic men had lower incidence and mortality rates than non-Hispanic white (NHW) men in all regions except the Northeast where they had higher incidence (RR 1.16 (95%CI 1.14-1.19)) and similar mortality. Hispanics had higher distant stage rates in the Northeast (RR 1.18 (95%CI 1.08-1.28)) and South (RR 1.22 (95%CI 1.15-1.30)), but similar rates in other regions. Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaskan Native (NHAIAN) men had higher distant stage rates than NHWs in the West (RR 1.38 (95%CI 1.15-1.65)). NHBs and Hispanics had higher distant stage rates than NHWs among those ages 55-69 years (RR 2.91 (95% CI 2.81-3.02) and 1.24 (95% CI 1.18-1.31) respectively), despite lower overall incidence for Hispanics in this age group. CONCLUSIONS: For Hispanic and NHAIAN men, prostate cancer indicators varied by region, while NHB and NHAPI men consistently had the highest and lowest rates, respectively, across regions. IMPACT: Regional and age-group differences in prostate cancer indicators between populations may improve understanding of prostate cancer risk and help inform screening decisions. |
Creating activity-friendly communities: Exploring the intersection of public health and the arts
Cornett K , Bray-Simons K , Devlin HM , Iyengar S , Moore Shaffer P , Fulton JE . J Phys Act Health 2019 16 (11) 1-3 Increasing physical activity in communities is a key public health strategy for chronic disease prevention and health promotion. Very few Americans get the minimum amount of physical activity necessary for substantial health benefits.1 Activity-friendly communities make physical activity easier or more accessible by providing opportunities for active transportation, leisure-time physical activity, or both.2 They are easy to navigate by foot, bicycle, or wheelchair, and they connect useful destinations, including public transit.3 |
Household transmission of seasonal influenza from HIV-infected and -uninfected individuals in South Africa, 2013-2014
Cohen C , Tshangela A , Valley-Omar Z , Iyengar P , von Mollendorf C , Walaza S , Hellferscee O , Venter M , Martinson N , Mahlase G , McMorrow M , Cowling BJ , Treurnicht FK , Cohen AL , Tempia S . J Infect Dis 2018 219 (10) 1605-1615 Background: Differential transmission from HIV-infected compared to HIV-uninfected individuals may impact influenza burden. We estimated the household secondary infection risk (SIR) and serial interval (SI) for influenza transmission from HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected index cases and identified associated factors. Methods: Index cases were the first symptomatic person in a household with influenza-like illness, testing influenza positive on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from household contacts every four days were tested by rRT-PCR. Factors associated with SIR were evaluated using logistic regression. Results: We enrolled 28 HIV-infected and 57 HIV-uninfected index cases. On multivariable analysis, HIV-infected index cases were less likely to transmit influenza to household contacts (odds ratio (OR) 0.2 95% CI 0.1-0.6)(SIR 16%, 18/113 vs 27%, 59/220). Factors associated with increased SIR included index age group 1-4 years (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.2-11.3) and 25-44 years (OR 8.0, 95% CI 1.8-36.7) and contact age group 1-4 years (OR 3.5, 95%CI 1.2-10.3) compared to 5-14 years and sleeping with index case (OR 2.7, 95%CI 1.3-5.5). HIV-infection of index case was not associated with SI. Conclusions: HIV-infection was not associated with SI. Increased infectiousness of HIV-infected individuals is likely not an important driver of community influenza transmission. |
Intra-host and intra-household diversity of influenza A viruses during household transmissions in the 2013 season in 2 peri-urban communities of South Africa
Valley-Omar Z , Iyengar P , von Mollendorf C , Tempia S , Moerdyk A , Hellferscee O , Martinson N , McMorrow M , Variava E , Masonoke K , Cohen AL , Cohen C , Treurnicht FK . PLoS One 2018 13 (5) e0198101 Limited information is available on influenza virus sequence drift between transmission events. In countries with high HIV burdens, like South Africa, the direct and indirect effect of HIV on influenza sequence drift between transmission events may be of public health concern. To this end, we measured hemagglutinin sequence diversity between influenza transmission events using data and specimens from a study investigating household transmission dynamics of seasonal influenza viruses in 2 peri-urban communities in South Africa during the 2013 influenza season. Thirty index cases and 107 of 110 eligible household contacts were enrolled into the study, 47% (14/30) demonstrating intra-household laboratory-confirmed influenza transmission. In this study 35 partial hemagglutinin gene sequences were obtained by Sanger sequencing from 11 index cases (sampled at enrolment only) and 16 secondary cases (8 cases sampled at 1 and 8 cases sampled at 2 time-points). Viral sequence identities confirmed matched influenza transmission pairs within the 11 households with corresponding sequenced index and secondary cases. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 10 different influenza viral lineages in the 14 households. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strains were shown to be genetically distinct between the 2 communities (from distinct geographic regions), which was not observed for the influenza A(H3N2) strains. Intra-host/intra-household influenza A(H3N2) sequence drift was identified in 2 households. The first was a synonymous mutation between the index case and a household contact, and the second a non-synonymous mutation between 2 serial samples taken at days 0 and 4 post enrolment from an HIV-infected secondary case. Limited inter-household sequence diversity was observed as highlighted by sharing of the same influenza strain between different households within each community. The limited intra-household sequence drift is in line with previous studies also using Sanger sequencing, corroborating the presence of strict selective bottlenecks that limit sequence variance. We were not able to directly ascertain the effect of HIV on influenza sequence drift between transmission events. |
Comparative effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines among US medicare beneficiaries in preventing postinfluenza deaths during 2012-2013 and 2013-2014
Shay DK , Chillarige Y , Kelman J , Forshee RA , Foppa IM , Wernecke M , Lu Y , Ferdinands JM , Iyengar A , Fry AM , Worrall C , Izurieta HS . J Infect Dis 2017 215 (4) 510-517 Background: Recipients of high-dose vs standard-dose influenza vaccines have fewer influenza illnesses. We evaluated the comparative effectiveness of high-dose vaccine in preventing postinfluenza deaths during 2012-2013 and 2013-2014, when influenza viruses and vaccines were similar. Methods: We identified Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years who received high-dose or standard-dose vaccines in community-located pharmacies offering both vaccines. The primary outcome was death in the 30 days following an inpatient or emergency department encounter listing an influenza International of Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code. Effectiveness was estimated by using multivariate Poisson regression models; effectiveness was allowed to vary by season. Results: We studied 1039645 recipients of high-dose and 1683264 recipients of standard-dose vaccines during 2012-2013, and 1508176 high-dose and 1877327 standard-dose recipients during 2013-2014. Vaccinees were well-balanced for medical conditions and indicators of frail health. Rates of postinfluenza death were 0.028 and 0.038/10000 person-weeks in high-dose and standard-dose recipients, respectively. Comparative effectiveness was 24.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], .6%-42%); there was evidence of variation by season (P = .12). In 2012-2013, high-dose was 36.4% (95% CI, 9.0%-56%) more effective in reducing mortality; in 2013-2014, it was 2.5% (95% CI, -47% to 35%). Conclusions: High-dose vaccine was significantly more effective in preventing postinfluenza deaths in 2012-2013, when A(H3N2) circulation was common, but not in 2013-2014. |
Zika Virus Infection with Prolonged Maternal Viremia and Fetal Brain Abnormalities.
Driggers RW , Ho CY , Korhonen EM , Kuivanen S , Jaaskelainen AJ , Smura T , Rosenberg A , Hill DA , DeBiasi RL , Vezina G , Timofeev J , Rodriguez FJ , Levanov L , Razak J , Iyengar P , Hennenfent A , Kennedy R , Lanciotti R , du Plessis A , Vapalahti O . N Engl J Med 2016 374 (22) 2142-51 The current outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with an apparent increased risk of congenital microcephaly. We describe a case of a pregnant woman and her fetus infected with ZIKV during the 11th gestational week. The fetal head circumference decreased from the 47th percentile to the 24th percentile between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation. ZIKV RNA was identified in maternal serum at 16 and 21 weeks of gestation. At 19 and 20 weeks of gestation, substantial brain abnormalities were detected on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without the presence of microcephaly or intracranial calcifications. On postmortem analysis of the fetal brain, diffuse cerebral cortical thinning, high ZIKV RNA loads, and viral particles were detected, and ZIKV was subsequently isolated. |
Zika virus infection among U.S. pregnant travelers - August 2015-February 2016
Meaney-Delman D , Hills SL , Williams C , Galang RR , Iyengar P , Hennenfent AK , Rabe IB , Panella A , Oduyebo T , Honein MA , Zaki S , Lindsey N , Lehman JA , Kwit N , Bertolli J , Ellington S , Igbinosa I , Minta AA , Petersen EE , Mead P , Rasmussen SA , Jamieson DJ . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016 65 (8) 211-4 After reports of microcephaly and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in infants of mothers infected with Zika virus during pregnancy, CDC issued a travel alert on January 15, 2016, advising pregnant women to consider postponing travel to areas with active transmission of Zika virus. On January 19, CDC released interim guidelines for U.S. health care providers caring for pregnant women with travel to an affected area (1), and an update was released on February 5 (2). As of February 17, CDC had received reports of nine pregnant travelers with laboratory-confirmed Zika virus disease; 10 additional reports of Zika virus disease among pregnant women are currently under investigation. No Zika virus-related hospitalizations or deaths among pregnant women were reported. Pregnancy outcomes among the nine confirmed cases included two early pregnancy losses, two elective terminations, and three live births (two apparently healthy infants and one infant with severe microcephaly); two pregnancies (approximately 18 weeks' and 34 weeks' gestation) are continuing without known complications. Confirmed cases of Zika virus infection were reported among women who had traveled to one or more of the following nine areas with ongoing local transmission of Zika virus: American Samoa, Brazil, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Samoa. This report summarizes findings from the nine women with confirmed Zika virus infection during pregnancy, including case reports for four women with various clinical outcomes. U.S. health care providers caring for pregnant women with possible Zika virus exposure during pregnancy should follow CDC guidelines for patient evaluation and management (1,2). Zika virus disease is a nationally notifiable condition. CDC has developed a voluntary registry to collect information about U.S. pregnant women with confirmed Zika virus infection and their infants. Information about the registry is in preparation and will be available on the CDC website. |
Case-ascertained study of household transmission of seasonal influenza - South Africa, 2013
Iyengar P , von Mollendorf C , Tempia S , Moerdyk A , Valley-Omar Z , Hellferscee O , Martinson N , Chhagan M , McMorrow M , Gambhir M , Cauchemez S , Variava E , Masonoke K , Cohen AL , Cohen C . J Infect 2015 71 (5) 578-86 OBJECTIVES: The household is important in influenza transmission due to intensity of contact. Previous studies reported secondary attack rates (SAR) of 4-10% for laboratory-confirmed influenza in the household. Few have been conducted in middle-income countries. METHODS: We performed a case-ascertained household transmission study during May-October 2013. Index cases were patients with influenza like illness(cough and self-reported or measured fever (≥38 degrees C)) with onset in the last 3 days and no sick household contacts, at clinics in South Africa. Household contacts of index cases with laboratory-confirmed influenza were followed for 12 days. RESULTS: Thirty index cases in 30 households and 107/110 (97%) eligible household contacts were enrolled. Assuming those not enrolled were influenza negative, 21/110 household contacts had laboratory-confirmed influenza (SAR 19%); the mean serial interval was 2.1 days (SD = 0.35, range 2-3 days). Most (62/82; 76%) household contacts who completed the risk factor questionnaire never avoided contact and 43/82 (52%) continued to share a bed with the index case after illness onset. CONCLUSION: SAR for laboratory-confirmed influenza in South Africa was higher than previously reported SARs. Household contacts did not report changing behaviors to prevent transmission. These results can be used to understand and predict influenza transmission in similar middle-income settings. |
Oral cholera vaccine coverage, barriers to vaccination, and adverse events following vaccination, Haiti, 2013
Tohme RA , Francois J , Wannemuehler K , Iyengar P , Dismer A , Adrien P , Hyde TB , Marston BJ , Date K , Mintz E , Katz MA . Emerg Infect Dis 2015 21 (6) 984-91 In 2013, the first government-led oral cholera vaccination (OCV) campaign in Haiti was implemented in Petite Anse and Cerca Carvajal. To evaluate vaccination coverage, barriers to vaccination, and adverse events following vaccination, we conducted a cluster survey. We enrolled 1,121 persons from Petite Anse and 809 persons from Cerca Carvajal, categorized by 3 age groups (1-4, 5-14, >15 years). Two-dose OCV coverage was 62.5% in Petite Anse and 76.8% in Cerca Carvajal. Two-dose coverage was lowest among persons >15 years of age. In Cerca Carvajal, coverage was significantly lower for male than female respondents (69% vs. 85%; p<0.001). No major adverse events were reported. The main reason for nonvaccination was absence during the campaign. Vaccination coverage after this campaign was acceptable and comparable to that resulting from campaigns implemented by nongovernmental organizations. Future campaigns should be tailored to reach adults who are not available during daytime hours. |
Prevalence of nodding syndrome - Uganda, 2012-2013
Iyengar PJ , Wamala J , Ratto J , Blanton C , Malimbo M , Lukwago L , Becknell S , Downing R , Bunga S , Sejvar J , Makumbi I . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2014 63 (28) 603-6 Nodding syndrome (NS) is a seizure disorder of unknown etiology, predominately affecting children aged 3-18 years in three sub-Saharan countries (Uganda, South Sudan, and Tanzania), with the primary feature of episodic head nodding. These episodes are thought to be one manifestation of a syndrome that includes neurologic deterioration, cognitive impairment, and additional seizure types. NS investigations have focused on clinical features, progression, and etiology; however, none have provided a population-based prevalence assessment using a standardized case definition. In March 2013, CDC and the Ugandan Ministry of Health (MOH) conducted a single-stage cluster survey to perform the first systematic assessment of prevalence of NS in Uganda using a new consensus case definition, which was modified during the course of the investigation. Based on the modified definition, the estimated number of probable NS cases in children aged 5-18 years in three northern Uganda districts was 1,687 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1,463-1,912), for a prevalence of 6.8 (CI = 5.9-7.7) probable NS cases per 1,000 children aged 5-18 years in the three districts. These findings can guide the MOH to understand and provide the health-care resources necessary to address NS in northern Uganda, and provide a basis for future studies of NS in Uganda and in other areas affected by NS. |
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- Page last updated:May 13, 2024
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